Highspeed mixed signal communications circuits using an ftdoubler architecture in sige hbt technology by robert heikaus a thesis submitted to the graduate faculty of rensselaer polytechnic institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science approved. Sigatek offers frequency doublers, multipliers, and quadruplers with input frequencies between 5 to 6000 mhz, and output frequencies between 10 to 12000 mhz. First things first, is it even possible to scale up the frequency using only digital elements, atleast approximately. Frequency doubler figure 11 shows a crystalcon trolled frequency doubler with no tuned lc circcits. In this circuit, a frequency divider is inserted between the output of the vco and the phase comparator pc so that the loop signal to the pc is at frequency f out while the output of vco is n f out. Figure 1, which consists of matching network, rfdc conversion and load circuits. Novel frequency doubler circuits and dividers using duty. Novel frequency doubler circuits and dividers for clock signal generation are presented. Jun 17, 2018 using just a few discrete components and two inverters, it is possible to build a simple ttl square wave frequency doubler for signals up to about 100 khz. Double the frequency of any cmos or ttl clock signal with this easytobuild doubler circuit.
This frequency doubler uses one cmos quad, two input nand gate package type 4011. How to build a frequency doubler does anyone know where i can find a schematic to build an analog frequency doubler. Analog frequency multiplier design techniques and applications. Simple oscillator or frequency doubler first of all, sorry for the delay. Complete list of electronics projects circuit diagram. The concept of energy harvesting system is shown in. Lowering the input frequency for a frequency doubler using a single 4069. Optimization of the voltage doubler stages in an rfdc. Aug 08, 2010 the circuit will operate over a wide frequency range. Frequency doubler, frequency multiplier or in this case a second harmonic generator. Microwave frequency doubler integrated with miniaturized planar antennas suzette marie presas abstract in this thesis the development of a high efficiency harmonic reradiator, consisting of a diode doubler and conjugatematched receive and transmit antennas, is described.
Assuming that the input is sinusoidal, the suppression of the fundamental frequency is optimized with p1. Frequency multiplier is a commonlyused technique for the generation of such signal 89. A previously published design idea describes a trianglewavedriven frequencydoubler circuit employing op amps that produce output frequencies limited to about 20 khz reference 1. The idea is to use a voltage controlled oscillator to generate a new frequency that has a precise mathematical relationship to the reference frequency. The trick and it is a trick is filtering out everything you dont want. These doublers, multipliers are used in communication equipments, synthesizers and any other application that requires frequency multiplication. How to build frequency doubler with 4011 circuit diagram. Filters, analog filters anyway, are somewhat limited in the steepness of their slope, and since an octave is only doubling the frequency it is very difficult to. You can easily modify the basic design of this versatile pldbased divider to handle different io conditions.
A subsequent bandpass filter selects the desired harmonic frequency and removes the. So here is the easy voltage doubler circuit using 555 timer ic. A highpower, fixedtuned, millimeterwave balanced frequency doubler david w. If youve been looking for a way to generate high voltage, youve undoubtedly run across the volt age doubler. Pdf frequency doubler and current source with ad633. Given 50hz as the input frequency, the output frequency is 100hz l and c should be in 100hz resonance. Frequency quadrupler enables lowfrequency measurements. The above circuit is an oscillator which i picked up on the internet and used. Simple frequency doubler schematic circuit diagram 2. An oscillator circuit that outputs a signal which is double the input frequency.
Minicircuits frequency doublers offer a new degree of freedom in designing frequency multiplier chains. How ever, whole banks of doublers, called cascades, can also be used. A voltage doubler circuit is a circuit in which the output voltage is double the amplitude of the input voltage. This being my first post i face a dilemma whether to add more pleasantries or get right down to business, i choose the latter and please correct me if i have been found wanting. This output is a multiple of the input frequency as long as the loop is in lock. Frequency doubler, frequency multiplier circuit diagram. How to build frequency doubler with 4069 august 8, 2010 category. Pdf this paper presents a simple design technique of resistive frequency doubler by. This resonant frequency doubler is derived from a simple actodc power supply circuit. A frequency multiplier using three ambipolar graphene.
Varactor diodes may be used in ordinary full wave rectifier circuits to achieve a bit of wave shaping for enhanced conversion efficiency. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. Diode spice model dc equivalent circuit used for spice. In the circuit im designing, there is no option left for me rather than doubling the input frequency. Pdf design of frequency doubler using inductively compensated. We use individuals capacitors to charge up to the input voltage. Double clock frequency with digital logic how we did it dqydj. Design of millimeterwave sige frequency doubler and output buffer for automotive radar applications master thesis performed at acreo ab in collaboration with division of electronic devices, dept.
Current doubler rectifier for high power and low voltage. In this project, we will show how to build a voltage doubler circuit. Mp3 booster ampere or current booster circuit bass booster circuit audio booster clock and timers flipflop timer using 4017 three hour timer isolated 1hz clock egg timer alarm clock with day selector thrifty 2hz clock experimental pendulum clock an accurate reaction timer switch timer for. An lband cmos frequency doubler using a timedelay technique. Apr 18, 2012 this take place simple doubler voltage circuit, from voltage 12vdc to be 24vdc. Pdf analog frequency multiplier design techniques and. The circuit may use any npn transistor that operates at the frequency of the input signal. It can make happen current contract in relation to 50ma fitting pro the circuit, with the intention of use low current the insignificantsized. L voltage doublers are an easy and inexpensive way to experiment with high voltage. Voltage doublers are an easy and inexpensive way to.
Erickson abstract we report on the design and evaluation of a 40 ghz to 80 ghz 4080 ghz highpower, wideband, fixedtuned balanced doubler. Voltage doubling using diodecapacitor combina tions is a common practice. The circuit will operate over a wide frequency range. Abstract in this paper, a frequency doubler circuit is presented that converts a 0. Given 50hz as the input frequency, the output frequency. Using just a few discrete components and two inverters, it is possible to build a simple ttl square wave frequency doubler for signals up to about 100 khz. A highpower, fixedtuned, millimeterwave balanced frequency. By benefit timer ic highly prevalent the come to ne555 and other equipment a modest again. In this paper, we design a simple frequency doubler using. Think of a frequency doubler as a mixer with the same frequency signal applied to both the rf and if ports. Sigateks wideband frequency doublers, multipliers cover input frequency range 16000 mhz and output frequency 212000 mhz. The proposed frequency doubler circuit consists of three ambipolar graphene transistors, connected in series with a common gate. The ad633 is laser calibrated to a guaranteed total accuracy of.
Actodc power supply modified to resonant frequency doubler. Fullwave voltage doubler the circuit diagram for a fullwave voltage doubler is given in the figure shown below. Microwave frequency doublers multipliers coaxial to 12 ghz in. When excessive signal level is applied, the frequency doubler will operate in heavy saturation, and higherorder harmonics. Though a frequency divider circuit can be designed very easily with flipflops. Diode spice model dc equivalent circuit used for spice model. Oct 02, 2016 this resonant frequency doubler is derived from a simple actodc power supply circuit. One of the projects i was working on once required a doubling of clock speed from an arduino nano, which has an atmel 328p running at 16 mhz onboard. Frequency doubler circuit schematic created in pspice. The goal of this work is toanalyzing the advantage and disadvantage between center trapped rectifier and current doubler rectifier and find out the more conformable one for high current applications. Series, closedcircuited stubs cannot be realized using microstrip circuits. Microwave frequency doublers multipliers coaxial to 12 ghz.
Microwave frequency doubler integrated with miniaturized. This take place simple doubler voltage circuit, from voltage 12vdc to be 24vdc. This noncritical circuit automatically multiplies an input single frequency times four to enable measurement of frequencies from 1 hz to 40 khz, tracking step changes in the input frequency as well. Mar, 2006 lowering the input frequency for a frequency doubler using a single 4069. A frequency multiplier circuit should contain a nonlinear device and filters that enable to select the. The frequency doubler proper consists of an inverter ic1b, two differentiating networks r1c1, r2c2 and nand gate ic1a, ic1c and ic1d function as input and output buffers. This tapped inductor method is commonly used for amplifiers such as intermediate frequency amplifiers where linearity is critical. Generally transformers are there to stepup or stepdown the voltage, but sometimes transformers are not feasible because of their size and cost.
Simple doubler voltage 12 to 24volt dc electronic circuit. Even better, these were priced in the same ballpark as a mixer. Let me mention another method for a frequency doubler circuit, apparently neglected by many people, which is a four quadrant multiplier or known as gilbert cell. Hi all, let me mention another method for a frequency doubler circuit, apparently neglected by many people, which is a four quadrant multiplier or known as gilbert cell. Frequency divider adapts to io condition 120596 edndesign ideas the circuit in figure 1 accepts an input clock signal, such as from a crystal oscillator, and divideas the frequency according to the input divisor word.
The block diagram of a frequency muliplier or synthesizer is shown in figure. The operating point of t3 should be set with p2 for as near a sinusoidal output as possible in the protype, the output signal showed a distortion of 5. The input signal is applied to the differentiating circuit r1c1. Voltage doubler is the circuit where we get the twice of the input voltage, like if we supply 5v voltage, we will get 10 volt at the output.
All seemed well till i realized that the frequency which i see on the oscilloscope is a little more than. There is a simple frequency doubler circuit at ni elvis. Frequency doubler as the development of high frequency wireless communication system progresses, a simple and effective method to generate high frequency signals become extremely important. That circuit is useful in the 2040 mhz range, but the same method could be used with overtone crystal oscillators for even higher output frequencies. In electronics, a frequency multiplier is an electronic circuit that generates an output signal whose output frequency is a harmonic multiple of its input frequency. During the positive cycle of the ac input voltage, diode d 1 gets forward biased and so conducts charging the capacitor c 1 to a peak. Im going to explain in this piece how i was able to double clock frequency with digital logic no pll or dll needed. In this paper, a 500 watts dcdc converter based on full bridge topology is.
Some of these applications include the clocks needed to synchronize the. Frequency multipliers consist of a nonlinear circuit that distorts the input signal and consequently generates harmonics of the input signal. Pdf injectionlocked cmos frequency doublers for wave and. The tapping of the inductor allows a good impedance match. This voltage doubling effect is achieved through the use of capacitors. Transformation of lowpass filter to realizable microstrip circuit. In this example, the tps61087 has an output voltage of 15 v. Nov 23, 2006 a previously published design idea describes a trianglewavedriven frequency doubler circuit employing op amps that produce output frequencies limited to about 20 khz reference 1.
Pdf injectionlocked cmos frequency doublers for wave. This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. How to build frequency doubler with 4069 circuit diagram. In combination with two edge detectors and two duty cycle control buffers a low cost frequency doubler circuit is achieved as compared to phaselocked loop pll design. We are using the voltage doubler primarily with the analog multimeter to measure extremely small values. With the component values shown the width of pulses in e and f point is about 500ns, so the duty cycle of the output will be 50% when the frequency is 1mhz, when the input frequency is 500khz. Design of millimeterwave sige frequency doubler and. Diodebased frequency multipliers and rectifiers, coupled with antennas, are. This design idea describes a frequency doubler that provides a sine wave output with a frequency of 4 to 6. The proposed circuit uses a timedelay element and an xor logic gate to perform the frequency multiplication and is implemented entirely onchip. Something simple that will take a sine wave between 30100 hz and kick it up an octave. A pll is generally the proper solution in this case. Secondly, in reply to your question, i was thinking of using a frequency of around 34 mhz, restricted by availability of components 0. An input clock signal with an unpredictable duty cycle is inputted to a.
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